I think that it could be a good idea to legislate against wearing a hijab, khimar, shayla or niqab (or the burqa and chador for that matter).
And this is where, in a theatre production, there would be a pause in the delivery. To let the notion sink in. To let the audience come to grips with what’s been said. To let them find their emotional response. Be it cultural anger, religious outrage, or racist glee.
And to let the deliverer get comfortable with the very hot potato they’ve just picked up.
The permittance of the hijab (and the other derivates) has been a hotly debated subject in western countries for years. Usually espoused by racists and nationalists as a method of forcefully integrating an immigrant population into the general cultural zeitgeist. Alternatively to take a stance against an ethnic group to make the country in question an even more hostile and uninviting environment to the Muslim demography. And as such, the subject has become stigmatized by Islamophobia.
Which is a shame. It usually is. Just like when a subcontinental good luck charm became the symbol of ethnic cleansing, or a Norse symbol of justice became the logo for Nordic xenophobia.
You gotta hate it when that happens…
So, if it’s not out of racism or a phobia for foreign cultures, what’s my problem with a head scarf?
I usually don’t like litigation. I usually don’t care for nation states deciding what I (or anyone else) can and cannot do. And I certainly don’t take a supportive stance on clothing regulation in general. So what’s so different now?
Well, to get to my point, we should examine why people wear the hijab. Why women wear the hijab. There are many reasons, if you ask around. Some may say that it’s a religious thing. Some, that it’s a cultural thing. An ethnic thing. An identity thing. Or simply that they’d catch absolute hell from parents, family, or friends, if they didn’t. Some, we know, might even risk their lives if they didn’t wear it.
And yet, many more, may just not have thought much about it at all. It’s just how they dress. How someone like them is supposed to dress.
There’s a long laundry list of reasons why people wear the hijab (which is the most common Muslim garb in western countries, and will thusly act as a conceptual stand-in for all of them in this piece). All of which can be traced, in essence, to one source: The Quran.
The Quran states in a dozen or so verses that it is important to preserve the modesty of mankind. Not just women, but men as well. Modesty is a key virtue. And in preserving it, one should cover themselves as to not show one’s beauty. Scholars are in disagreement about just how, or who, the guidelines are meant for. Some say this was just a house rule for the Prophet’s personal harem. But Surah An-Nur 31:24 makes perhaps the clearest case for the general female population to cover themselves up:
“And tell the believing women to reduce [some] of their vision and guard their private parts and not expose their adornment except that which [necessarily] appears thereof and to wrap [a portion of] their head-covers over their chests and not expose their adornment except to their husbands, their fathers, their husbands’ fathers, their sons, their husbands’ sons, their brothers, their brothers’ sons, their sisters’ sons, their women, that which their right hands possess, or those male attendants having no physical desire, or children who are not yet aware of the private aspects of women. And let them not stamp their feet to make known what they conceal of their adornment. And turn to Allah in repentance, all of you, O believers, that you might succeed.”
What this passage of the Muslim holy text portrays is, basically, how to avoid the male gaze. And not to jiggle their tits? Which, I guess, was very forward thinking by 600 BCE standards?
But there’s an important note to make. Notice how the woman should hide herself away from the male gaze, except from her family. And extended family. Where her husband, her husband’s brothers, father, male cousins, you get the theme here, should have free reign to gaze however they see fit. Suddenly, this remarkable armour against the male gaze becomes not a tool for the woman, but a tool for all the men in her life.
It says that her body, her beauty, is not hers to command. It is for the men close to her to command. To hide or flaunt as they see fit. This tool to avoid harassment turns also into a tool of control. Of domination.
And before any of you get started; no! This sort of misogynistic bullshit is not exclusive to Islam! Plenty of religions have old passages that are absolutely abhorrent by modern standards, not the least of which Judaism or Christianity. Take a look at Deuteronomy 22:28-29 (where a rapist can buy his victim to avoid punishment), First Timothy 1:9 (where women should dress modestly, not braid their hair, or wear jewelry), Proverbs 23:27-28 (where we are warned about whores’ ”deep ditches” and strange women’s ”narrow pits”), or just Peter 3:1 (where wives are told to subject themselves to their husbands).
It is almost as if organized religions are afraid of women and want to instil control over them with any means necessary…
Which should bring us back to the hijab, designed and legitimized as a way to control a woman’s body, and why legislation against it might not be a bad idea.
As previously mentioned, I am as a general rule against legislating away individual freedoms. And creating laws that would prevent people from wearing certain garments is particularly draconian in my point of view. It is not the place of the State to decide what I wear, or indeed if I chose to wear anything at all! Fuck ’em – Not their call to make.
But what we have here is a particularly seedy problem. If a woman’s reasons to wear a hijab is that she fears retribution, acid attack, being shipped off, beaten, killed, demeaned, exiled from her family, or just scorned, then that’s unacceptable. Just plain and simple unacceptable. Then she lives under a tyranny that needs to be ripped up by the root in any liberal society.
But what if she wants to wear the hijab? What if she wants, of her own accord, to follow a religion’s misogynistic tenets? What if she identifies with the head scarf, and considers that piece of clothing as fundamental to her being as someone might consider their hair or eyes? What if the woman considers the hijab a part of her culture? Her heritage and ancestry? Or what if, as was recently related to me, that the hijab is a comfort? A protection against an ever more judgemental and jeering world? What then? Would it not be wrong to forcefully take that part of her away?
Yes. Yes it would be. But let’s flip that around on its head. The hijab is a symbol of subjugation. It is intended to take away a woman’s power over her own body. That much is clear from the Quran. It is also undeniable that many women wear covers not by their own choice, but by someone else’s. Most often a man’s. So even if you wear the garment, not as an obligation or shackle, you do in some sense legitimize its intended function. You legitimize domination, tyranny, misogyny. You show to the world, to the women that suffer the hijab on pain of punishment, that it’s okay. That it’s right that women should hide themselves away. Or that men should hide away “their” women. Right now, in this time of human civilization, a person that wears a hijab by their own choice, communicates, whether intended or not, to the world that women should be hidden away. That modesty and subjugation is the correct path for a woman to live.
And that is not a very good message…
It could be fine, you know? Many many years ago, Christian countries legislated against selling off your daughters for a few pennies, or that rapists could get away with their dirty deed by paying off the woman’s father. And Christianity is still alive today. Christian culture is still alive today. For good or ill. Islam will not suddenly die off just because it relents a little bit in its draconian control of its female demographic. Syrian, or Egyptian, or Iraqi, or whatever’s culture will not just die off if it lets its women soar free. Free of shackles of divinely mandated modesty or subjugation. Free of masculine domination.
But people are a fearful bunch. They fear change. And they are very protective of what they consider their culture, or identity, or their rights. Even if those imagined rights include something so distasteful as owning their wives and daughters. Which is where legislation can step in. For governments, or cultures, to decide to put their feet down and say; “that boat don’t float here”.
And I, for one, do not think that the cultural and religious subjugation of women is a boat that deserves to float in a just society.
/Sebastian Lindberg 26/11-2019